Satellites are attractive option for carrying internet and other IP traffic to many locations across the globe where terrestrial options are limited or [censored] prohibitive. But data networking on satellite is faced with overcoming the large latency and high bit error rate typical of satellite communications as well as the asymmetric bandwidth design of most satellite network. Satellites are ideal for providing internet and private network access over long distance and to remote locations. However the internet protocols are not optimized for satellite conditions. So the throughput over the satellite networks is restricted to only a fraction of available bandwidth, the leading supplies of TCP/IP to the computer industry have overcome their limitations with the development of the Sky X product family.
The Sky X system replaces TCP over satellite link with a protocol optimized for the long latency, high loss and asymmetric bandwidth conditions of the typical satellite communication. The Sky X family consists of Sky X Gateway, Sky X Client/Server and Sky X OEM products. Sky X products increase the performance of IP over satellite by transparency replacing. The Sky X Gateway works by intercepting the TCP connection from client and converting the data to Sky X protocol for transmission over the satellite. The Sky X Client /Server product operates in a similar manner except that the Sky X client software is installed on each end users PC Connection from applications running on the PC is intercepted and send over the satellite using the Sky X protocol.
Abstract
Satellites are attractive option for carrying
internet and other IP traffic to many locations across the globe where
terrestrial options are limited or [censored] prohibitive. But data networking on satellite is faced with
overcoming the large latency and high bit error rate typical of satellite
communications as well as the asymmetric bandwidth design of most satellite
network. Satellites are ideal for providing internet and private network access
over long distance and to remote locations. However the internet protocols are
not optimized for satellite conditions. So the throughput over the satellite
networks is restricted to only a fraction of available bandwidth, the leading
supplies of TCP/IP to the computer industry have overcome their limitations
with the development of the Sky X product family.
The Sky X system replaces TCP over satellite link
with a protocol optimized for the long latency, high loss and asymmetric
bandwidth conditions of the typical satellite communication. The Sky X family
consists of Sky X Gateway, Sky X Client/Server and Sky X OEM products. Sky X
products increase the performance of IP over satellite by transparency
replacing. The Sky X Gateway works by intercepting the TCP connection from client
and converting the data to Sky X protocol for transmission over the satellite.
The Sky X Client /Server product operates in a similar manner except that the
Sky X client software is installed on each end users PC Connection from
applications running on the PC is intercepted and send over the satellite using
the Sky X protocol.
Seminar by: Guided
by:
Contents Page
no.
1.
Introduction
- Performance
of TCP over satellite
- Window
size
- Congestion
Avoidance
- SKY
X SYSTEM
- SKY
X GATEWAY OPERATION
- Sky
X Client/Server
- Sky
X Multicast Fan-Out
- Sky
X Performance
- SKY
X PROTOCOL DESIGN
- Sky
X OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer)
- Sky
X Accelerator
- Conclusion
- References
INTRODUCTION
Satellites are ideal for providing internet
and private network
access
over long distance
and to remote locations. However the internet
protocols are not optimized for satellite conditions and consequently the
throughput over the satellite networks is restricted to only a fraction of
available bandwidth.
We can overcome these restrictions by using the Sky X protocol.
The Sky X Gateway and Sky X Client/Servers systems
replaces TCP over satellite link with a protocol
optimized for the long latency, high loss and asymmetric bandwidth
conditions of the typical satellite communication. Adding the Sky X system
to a satellite network
allows users to take full advantage
of the available bandwidth.
The Sky X Gateway transparently enhances the performance
of all users on a satellite network
without any modifications to the end clients and servers. The Sky X Client and
the Sky X Server
enhance the performance
of data transmissions
over satellites directly to end user PC’s,
thereby increasing Web performance
by 3 times or more and file transfer speeds
by 10 to 100 times. The Sky X solution is entirely transparent to end
users, works with all TCP applications and does not require any modifications
to end client and servers
Sky X products are the leading implementation
of a class of products known variously as protocol
gateway TCP Performance
Enhancing Proxy (TCP/PEP) , or satellite spoofer.The Sky X gateways are
available as ready to install hardware
solutions which can be added to any satellite network.
The Sky X family consists of the Sky X Gateway, Sky
x Client/Server
and the sky X OEM products. The Sky X Gateway is a hardware
solution designed for easy installation into any satellite network
and provides performance
enhancement for all devices on the network.
The Sky X Client/Server
provides performance
enhancement to individual PC’s.
A. PERFORMANCE
OF TCP OVER SATELLITE
Satellites are an attractive option for carrying Internet
and other IP traffic to many locations across the globe where terrestrial
options are limited or price prohibitive. However data networking over
satellites is faced with overcoming the latency and high bit error rates
typical of satellite communications, as well as the asymmetric bandwidth
of most satellite networks
Communication over geosynchronous satellites,
orbiting at an altitude of 22,300 miles has round trip times of approximately
540 m/s, an order of magnitude
larger than terrestrial networks. The journey through the atmosphere can also
introduce bit errors into the
data stream. These
factors, combined with backchannel bandwidth
typically much smaller than that available on the forward channel,
reduce the effectiveness of TCP which is optimized for short hops over low-loss
cables or fiber. Even though the TCP is very effective in the local network
connected by using cables or optical fibers by using its many features such as
LPV6, LPsec and other leading-edge functionality. Also it will work with real time operating
systems.TCP is designed for efficiency and high performance
,and optimized for maximum throughput and the highest transaction speeds in
local networks.
But the satellite conditions adversely interact with
a number
of elements of the TCP architecture,
including it s window sizing, congestion avoidance algorithms, and data acknowledgment
mechanisms, which contribute to severely constrict the data throughput that
can be achieved over satellite links. Thus the advantages achieved by TCP in
LAN’s are no longer effective in the satellite link. So it is
desirable to design a separate protocol
for communication through the satellite to eliminate the disadvantages of using
TCP over the satellite link. The adverse
effects of using TCP over satellite link in its various features are as
follows:
B. Window
size
TCP utilizes a sliding window mechanism to limit the
amount of data in flight. When
the window becomes full, the sender stops transmitting until it receives new
acknowledgement. Over satellite networks, where acknowledgements are slow to
return, the TCP window size gradually sets a hard limit on the maximum
throughput rate. The minimum window size needed to fully utilize an error-free link known as the “bandwidth-delay
product” is 100 KB for a T1 satellite link and 675 KB for
a 10 Mbps link. However many
implementations of TCP are limited to maximum window size of 64 KB and most
operating systems use a default
window size of only 8 KB , imposing a maximum throughput rate over a satellite link of only 128
Kbps per connection
, regardless of the bandwidth
available. So the high bandwidth
available in the network
is no longer effective, thus the data availability in
a client is restricted to a small fraction of the available bandwidth.
Thus the window sizing mechanism of the TCP limits the rate of flow of data through
satellite link.
The simple, heuristic data acknowledgment
scheme used by TCP does not adapt well to long latency or highly asymmetric bandwidth
conditions. To provide reliable data transmission,
the TCP receiver constantly sends acknowledgments back to the sender. The
sender does not assume that any data is lost or
corrupted until a multiple of the round-trip time has passed
without receiving an acknowledgment. This algorithm
does not respond well over satellite networks where the round-trip time is long and
error rates can be high. Further, this constant stream of acknowledgments
wastes precious back channel
bandwidth
and if the back channel
is small, the return of the acknowledgments to the sender can become the system
bottleneck. The acknowledgements and error messages will always dominate the data transfer and
the rate of flow reduces very much.
C. Congestion
Avoidance
In order to avoid the
possibility of congestive network
meltdown, TCP usually assumes that all data loss is caused
by congestion and responds to this by reducing the transmission rate. However,
over satellite links, TCP misinterprets the long round-trip time and bit errors as
congestion and responds inappropriately. Similarly, the TCP “Slow Start” algorithm,
which over the terrestrial infrastructure prevents new connections from
flooding an already congested network,
forces an excessively long ramp-up period for each new connection
over satellite. While these congestion avoidance mechanisms are vital in routed
environments, they are ill-suited to single-path satellite links.
So the congestion avoidance mechanisms used by TCP
is also not suited for the satellite link since it
reduces the data flow through
the network
and thus reduces the overall rate of data transfer.
SKY X SYSTEM
Sky X Technology Overcomes TCP Performance
Limitations
Sky X products increase the performance of IP over
satellite through a combination of protocol connection-splitting, data compression,
and Web pre-fetching, while remaining entirely transparent to end users. The
Sky X gateway works by transparently replacing TCP connections from the client
and converting the data to Xpress
Transport protocol
(XTP) for the hop over the satellite link which is the protocol
optimized for satellite conditions.
A. SKY
X GATEWAY OPERATION
The Sky X gateway works by intercepting the TCP connection
from the client and converting the data to the Xpress
Transport Protocol
(XTP) for transmission over the satellite. The Sky X gateway on the opposite
side of the satellite link translates the data back to TCP for
communication with the server.
This architecture
offers vastly improved performance
while remaining entirely transparent to the end user and fully
compactable with the internet
infrastructure. No changes are required to the client or server
and all applications continue to function without modification. This architecture
is also referred to as TCP Performance
Enhancing Proxy (TCP-PEP) and is compactable with IETF RFC 3135.
The Sky X gateway splits the single TCP connection
into three separate components. A TCP connection
on the remote side between the client and Sky X gateway, an XTP connection
involving Sky X protocol
over the satellite between the two Sky X gateways and a TCP connection
between the opposite Sky X gateway and server.
XTP is a reliable, transport-layer protocol
specifically designed to operate efficiently over high-speed networks and
offers a level of performance
not possible with TCP on long latency, high loss satellite links. XTP is an
open standard developed by the XTP Forum, a non-profit organization composed of
networking protocol
researchers, implementers, and user organization
By splitting the end-to-end TCP connection,
the segment over the satellite can take advantage
of the performance
of XTP. TCP congestion avoidance mechanisms remain in place over the
terrestrial connections to protect the stability of the routed network.
The two Sky X gateways pass control
data between each
other, allowing the Sky X gateway on the opposite side of the satellite to
appear to be the original source or destination device.
This architecture
maintains full TCP reliability and end-to-end flow control.
Web Pre-Fetch functionality further enhances the performance
of HTTP transfers over the satellite link by pro-actively
retrieving the many embedded objects on a Web page along with the requested
HTML page. The Sky X system
delivers the Web objects to the Sky X gateway on the client side of the
satellite link where they can
be served locally when requested by the browser, avoiding the satellite delay.
The Sky X gateway XR10, XH45, and XH155 are
available as ready-to-install hardware solutions which can be added to any
satellite network. The Sky X Client software installs directly on the PCs of
end-users and works in conjunction with a Sky X Server SS10 or SS45 hardware
unit located at the network hub. Mentat also licenses the Sky X gateway
technology in software source code form for integration with satellite modems,
VSATs, routers, caching systems, or any other satellite connectivity equipment.
The Sky X gateway can also be used in multilink configurations where a single
Sky X gateway hub unit enhances the performance of multiple separate outbound
links from a single uplink facility.
Mentat SkyX Gateway 250 - gateway (discontinued)
Manufacturer description
The SkyX 250 is ideal as a remote, or hub, device to
bring high network performance to lower bandwidth networks. Also use at both
sides of the link in a point-to-link as well as in fully meshed networks
The Sky X Client / Server product operates similarly
to the Sky X gateway except the Sky X Client software
is installed directly onto the client PC. Connections from applications running
on the PC are intercepted and sent over the satellite using Sky X protocol.
At the network
hub, a Sky X Server
establishes a TCP connection
with the destination server.
B. Sky
X Client/Server
The Sky X Client / Server
increases the throughput and efficiency of network
access
over satellites by transparently replacing TCP with the Xpress Transport Protocol
(XTP) for the satellite segment of the connection.
Combined with data compression and
Web-specific enhancements, the Sky X system
provides maximum performance
under the long latency, high loss, and asymmetric bandwidth
conditions typical of satellite communications.
The Sky X Client / Server
increases the throughput and efficiency of network
access
over satellites by transparently replacing TCP with the Xpress Transport Protocol
(XTP) for the satellite segment of the connection.
Combined with data compression and
Web-specific enhancements, the Sky X system
provides maximum performance
under the long latency, high loss, and asymmetric bandwidth
conditions typical of satellite communications.
The Sky X Client, installed on Microsoft
Windows-based computers, transparently intercepts TCP connections from
applications running on the PC and transmits the data over the
satellite link using XTP. The
Sky X Server,
installed at the hub of the satellite network,
establishes a new TCP connection
for communication with any device
on the local network
or over the Internet.
Through this unique, patented architecture,
the Sky X Client / Server
system
requires no proxy settings while providing performance
enhancement for all TCP applications.
The Sky X Server
is available in two models namely the SS10 and SS45. The SS10 provides Sky X
enhancement for links of up to 10 Mbps while the SS45 provides Sky X
enhancement for links of up to 45 Mbps
Sky X Multicast Fan-Out
Computer
networking traditionally relies on unicast data transfers which
establish point-to-point connections between devices. In situations where the
same data is transferred
to multiple users, the server
must send a copy of the file to each
recipient independently. This process
is both time consuming and
wastes much of the bandwidth
resources.
In contrast, multicast technology
makes it possible for multiple recipients to receive a single data stream. This
can be an especially powerful tool for satellite networks or similar
architectures where the multicast transfer can take advantage
of an underlying link layer broadcast
media. Unfortunately, the only multicast capability built into the Internet
Protocol
is a UDP-based, unreliable, best-effort service
that is only appropriate for real-time streaming
applications such as event broadcasting. Because UDP-based IP multicast does
not include any mechanisms for detection and retransmission of lost or
corrupted data and does not
resequence any packets that arrive out of order, IP multicast
is not suitable for file downloads and
other data transfer
applications. Sky X Multicast Fan-Out offers a simple and convenient
solution for reliable multicast over wide area networks. By
taking advantage
of reliable multicast functionality built directly into XTP, the open-standard
transport-layer protocol
used by the Sky X Gateway to transfer data over the WAN link, the Sky X
Gateway provides fast, efficient, fully reliable multicast file transfers. Any data that is lost or
corrupted is retransmitted, providing transfer reliability and rendering
special FEC software
unnecessary.
The Sky X multicast fanout, an integral component of
the Sky X gateway, transparently converts TCP unicast connections into reliable
multicast transfers. Through the use of common TCP
based applications such as FTP, the Sky X gateway can deliver a file to every remote
location
across a wide area network
with only a single multicast transfer. Sky X multicast fanout is built on the
industry leading Sky X gateway IP over satellite performance
enhancement system.
Because the Sky X multicast fanout process
is transparent to the end devices , any machine
can originate or receive the multicast transfer regardless of operating system
and without requiring the installation of any specialized multicast software.
By combining this reliable multicast transmission technology
with a transparent fanout functionality which allows any TCP connection
to be converted into a multicast transfer, the Sky X gateway marries the power of multicasting
with the convenience of using FTP or any other TCP-based application.
In addition to the multicast benefits themselves, the Sky X gateway includes
on-the-fly data compression
which further increases transfer speeds for compressible data by up to 5
times. Sky X multicast fanout functionality is ideal for file transfers,
cache replication, video file distribution,
content delivery networks, database
replication, and any other distribution of data or files to
multiple users over a satellite link or other wide area network.
Sky X Performance
The performance
benefits of the sky X gateway depend on many factors including the bandwidth,
delay, asymmetry and bit error rate of
the link, the number
of simultaneous connections, the compressibility of the data and the
behavior of the application
itself. Below are data for two typical
applications across a range of conditions File Transfers
The following file transfer tests
illustrate the benefits of Sky X performance
enhancement for different windows sizes, link band-widths,
round-trip times, and bit error rates.
Users should expect similar results for any large, single-connection
data transfer. Each
graph shows Sky X enhancement for three cases: no compression, highly
compressible text, and Corpus benchmark compressibility
Without performance
enhancement, a default window size of 8 KB limits TCP throughput to less than
100 Kbps over satellite. As the graph on the left illustrates, even on server
operating systems using a 32 KB window, TCP is only able to reach a through-put
of 440 Kbps. Sky X gateway overcomes this limitation, taking full advantage
of the available bandwidth
regardless of the window size of the client or server.
For compressible data, Sky X can
provide throughput rates far greater than the link bandwidth.
2. Round-Trip
Delay vs. Throughput
The Sky X gateway system
removes the dependency of TCP on the round-trip time of the link. The figure
below shows the measured throughput on an error-free, 10 Mbps link. These results
illustrate that TCP throughput drops rapidly as the round-trip time increases. In
contrast, Sky X is able to maintain full usage of the link regardless of
the round-trip time. For
compressible text, Sky X consistently delivers throughput rates greater than
the actual bandwidth.
3. Bit Error Rate vs.
Throughput
The Sky X system
overcomes the high sensitivity of TCP to the bit error rate of
the link. The graph
given below shows the throughput as a function of the bit error rate for
a 10 Mbps satellite link using a 1 MB
TCP window. Even at low error rates, TCP is able to deliver only 1.5 Mbps,
while at an error rate of 1×10-5, TCP’s throughput drops to less than 0.03
Mbps. Sky X fully saturates the link at low error
rates and even at an error rate of 1×10-5, achieves 5.1 Mbps without
compression and up to 15.8 Mbps for compressible data.
Unlike file transfers which
typically consist of a single, large download, Web traffic is characterized by
large numbers of short connections. Mentat’s innovative Fast Start feature
specifically optimizes Web performance
by reducing time required to
establish new connection.
The Web stone HTTP benchmark shows that for an 8 Mbps error-free link, the average response
time for a mixture
of 50 simultaneous web connections using the sky X gateway is between 0.7 and
1.1 seconds depending on the compressibility of the data, compared to
3.0 seconds with TCP.
Other Applications
Performance
benefits from applications other than Web and file transfers
depend on the characteristics of the application,
but will typically fall between these two extremes. Sky X gateway has been
tested by many organizations and various independent third parties for a wide
variety of different conditions and has been found satisfactory .Sky X gateway
can also simulate link speed bit error rate and
delay conditions of the existing system
on the sky X gateway test network
SKY X PROTOCOL DESIGN
At the heart of the Sky X system
is the Sky X protocol,
optimized to provide maximum throughput for satellite networks. The Sky X protocol
is designed to respond efficiently to typical satellite latency, bit errors and
asymmetric bandwidth
conditions and to take advantage
of optimizations possible on a single-path link with known bandwidth.
The Sky X gateway combines protocol,
application
and system
level enhancements to
provide maximum throughput for satellite networks.
1. Efficient
Acknowledgment Algorithm
The Sky X Protocol
utilizes a highly efficient selective retransmission algorithm
for the acknowledgment of data. Because there
is only a single path over the satellite with no intermediate routing, any gaps
in the packet sequence
can be assumed to be data loss due to
corruption rather than network
congestion. The receiving Sky X gateway can immediately request and receive
retransmission of the missing data from the
transmitting Sky X gateway. Because the Sky X Protocol
does not use acknowledgments
as the primary means of identifying lost data, it requires
only infrequent acknowledgments to confirm data arrival and
clear buffers. In contrast, TCP sends a constant stream of acknowledgments over
the reverse channel.
2. Dynamic
Window Sizing
The large Sky X Protocol
window removes the dependency of the network
on the bandwidth-delay
product, allowing high throughput independent of the TCP window size of the end
nodes. The Sky X Protocol
dynamically adjusts the window size based on the link bandwidth,
delay, and number
of simultaneous connections to optimize utilization of the bandwidth.
Rate Control
TCP uses Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance
algorithms to determine a safe transmission rate based on how quickly
acknowledgments return. This wastes available bandwidth
when it transmits at too low a rate, and causes unnecessary retransmissions
when it transmits at a rate higher than the bandwidth
of the link. Instead, the
Sky X gateway uses a rate control
mechanism to explicitly set the
transmission rate to exactly the bandwidth
of the link, thereby
providing the maximum throughput possible at all times.
Web Prefetch
The Sky X system
further enhances the performance
of HTTP over the satellite link by proactively
retrieving the many embedded objects on the web page along with requested HTML
page. The Sky X system
delivers the web objects to the client side of the satellite link where they can
be served locally when requested by the browser ,there by avoiding satellite
delay.
Fast Start Web Acceleration
In addition to TCP performance
enhancement, Sky X products include HTTP specific optimizations to further
accelerate web downloads. Fast Start saves one full round trip time for each new web
connection
by reducing the handshaking required to establish each new HTTP connection.
Integrated on-the-fly data compression
functionality, offering lossless compression ratios of up to 5:1, increase4s
the amount of data that can be sent
over the link.
Sky X Multicast Fan-Out
The Sky X FTP multicast facility is designed to
provide multicast fan-out functionality tailored specifically for use with FTP,
combining the power of multicasting
with the convenience of the well-known and ubiquitous FTP utility. The unique
Sky X multicast Fan-Out facility can transparently convert a TCP unicast connection
into a reliable multicast transfer .Using standard file transfer
applications such a FTP the Sky X gateway can deliver a copy of a file to every remote
site with only a single transfer.
C. Sky
X OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer)
Mentat ( U.S company) licenses its Sky X gateway technology
in software
source code form for OEM
integration into satellite modems, VSAT’s, routers, cache or any other
satellite networking equipment. The Sky X OEM software
is available for various computer
and real time operating
systems.
Packeteer
SkyX
Packeteer
Introduces New SkyX Accelerators for Improved TCP-Based Application
Performance; New SkyX Accelerators Support Expanded Range of Link Speeds;
Comply with European Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive
CUPERTINO,
Calif. -- Packeteer(R) (NASDAQ:PKTR), the global leader in WAN Application
Optimization, today announced the introduction of two new SkyX Accelerator
models based on new hardware platforms that provide substantially improved
scalability to support future features and functional enhancements. Packeteer's
SkyX Accelerators improve TCP-based application performance including SAP, FTP
file transfers, e-mail and Web access. The appliances also provide acceleration
capabilities for disaster recovery, database synchronizations and backups in
high-latency, high-bandwidth environments such as satellite or
datacenter-to-datacenter links.
The new
SkyX 250 and high-end SkyX 750 Accelerators support a greater range of link
speeds and concurrent sessions than their predecessors and utilize the new
release 7.0 operating software that supports an Ethernet failover bypass
capability while maintaining complete backward compatibility with existing SkyX
appliances.
The SkyX
250 Accelerator also complies with the European Union (EU) Restriction of
Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive that is a requirement for all companies
selling within or into the EU. The RoHS directive, designed to provide environmental
safeguards eliminating the use of toxic materials, applies to electrical and
electronic products and their components offered for sale in the EU after July
1, 2006. The RoHS-compliant version of the SkyX 750 is scheduled for
availability later this year.
"Enterprises
are quickly realizing that the ability to accelerate TCP-based applications
provides a distinct competitive advantage through improved productivity, and
that adding expensive bandwidth to compensate for poor WAN application performance
is a failed strategy," said David Puglia, Packeteer's vice president of
marketing. "The introduction of our new SkyX products will help customers
accelerate host or client traffic, as well as improve the performance of
strategic data center replication without having to implement link speed
upgrades."
New SkyX
Accelerator Details
The new
SkyX Accelerators will be added to the Packeteer product line as the current
XR10, XH45 and XH155 appliances are phased out. The SkyX 250 Accelerator is a
1U rack-mountable appliance that supports up to 20,000 concurrent sessions and
accepts 45 Mbps of inbound traffic for compression. The system supports link
speeds ranging form 2 - 45 Mbps. The high end SkyX 750 Accelerator is also a 1U
rack mountable appliance capable of supporting up to 80,000 concurrent sessions
and accepts 45 Mbps of inbound traffic for compression. Link speed options
range from 10 - 155 Mbps.
Price
and Availability
The SkyX
250 Accelerator is available now. A non-RoHS version of the SkyX 750 Accelerator
is scheduled for availability in late August 2006; the RoHS-compliant version
of the SkyX 750 Accelerator is scheduled for availability in late October 2006.
Pricing for the SkyX 250 appliance starts at $2,500. Pricing for the SkyX 750
appliance starts at $10,000.
About
Packeteer
Packeteer,
Inc. (NASDAQ:PKTR), is the global market leader in WAN Optimization and
Application Traffic Management for wide area networks. Deployed at more than
7,000 companies in 50 countries, Packeteer solutions empower IT organizations
with patented network visibility, control, and acceleration capabilities
delivered through a family of intelligent, scalable appliances. For more
information, contact Packeteer at 1 (408) 873-4400 or visit the company's
website at www.packeteer.com.
Safe
Harbor Clause
The
statements contained in this press release that are not purely historical are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities
and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding
Packeteer's expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the
future. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, express or
implied statements regarding future revenues, revenue growth and profitability,
spending levels by existing and prospective customers, the markets for our
products, new product development, liquidity and macro economic conditions. All
forward-looking statements included in this press release are based upon
information available to Packeteer as of the date hereof. Packeteer assumes no
obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements involve risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to
differ materially from those projected. Actual results may differ materially
due to a number of factors including the perceived need for our products, our
ability to convince potential customers of our value proposition, the costs of
competitive solutions, continued capital spending by prospective customers and
macro economic conditions. These and other risks relating to Packeteer's
business are set forth in Packeteer's Form 10-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 16, 2006, and Packeteer's Form 10-Qs and other
reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
When TCP
protocol design limitations, high latency and lost packets threaten application
connection speed, SkyX Accelerator ramps flow, fully utilize links and keeps data
moving along.
Accelerate
file transfers, large and small
Speed
XML and HTTP sessions, disaster recovery, database sync and backups
Optimize
application performance over high-latency and satellite links
Increase
link utilization on fat WAN links
Maximize
bandwidth utilization and ROI
Minimize
retransmission and recover more quickly from errors
TCP Acceleration
Enjoy
faster database connectivity, Web and remote-access applications while
maintaining full TCP reliability and end-to-end flow control. Specifically
optimized for long delay, high bit error and asymmetric bandwidth conditions.
Accelerate all TCP-based applications—including Web access, FTP file transfers,
ERP and e-mail.
Data Center Replication Acceleration
SkyX
Accelerator technology overcomes latency effect on TCP over high-bandwidth
links by using bandwidth much more efficiently and improving replication
performance over high capacity data center-to-data center links. Replication
sessions complete up to 100 times faster and are not subject to the stalls and
session drops associated with packet loss.
XML and Web Acceleration
Response
times improve dramatically with enhanced HTTP performance. Sky X XpressWeb and
XpressXML technology speeds delivery of embedded objects in Web-based applications.
Further accelerate Web downloads by reducing time needed to establish each new
HTTP connection.
CONCLUSION
The sky X gateway is the leading solution for
overcoming the limitations of TCP/IP over satellite. ISP’s, corporations,
governments, and military organizations around the world rely on sky X
gateway to enhance the performance
of their satellite networks.
Testing by independent third parties including
INTELSAT and NASA confirms that the sky X Gateway dramatically improves performance
for the internet
and private access
over satellite networks.
The world is reducing to
a global village by the use of satellite communication
and so the improvement in the rate of information
interchange through satellite is a must and thus sky X technology
becomes unavoidable.
REFERENCES
BOOKS
Addison Wesley by JF&Ross KW.
